Research On Japanese Organizational Behavior - 890 Words

Organization behavior studies how the employees interact within the teams/groups. As per Kalnbach, Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior within an organization. He further added that I sometimes tell people that it is the application of psychology in the workplace or any organization. Remember that the organizational behavior is a very important aspect of any business. The individual and group dynamics are known as micro organizational behavior while macro organizational behavior deals with whole organizations and industries. Under macro organizational behavior, the organizations and industries come with strategies and adapt the market to be relevant. I have used the article on â€Å"Japanese organizational behavior in†¦show more content†¦Additionally, the leader puts emphasis on interpersonal relations and keeps the workforce motivated. Swedish management noted to be based on social individualism (Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars, 1993). The â€Å"social individualism† means that the individualism is ingrained in a collective value system. The leaders follow the rules and do what is right. In the case of Nordic countries, employees are horizontally individualistic meaning that the employees don’t believe in the difference in status and viewed themselves as equal to others. The consultative leadership style is preferred where employees take the responsibility and suggest their ideas to the supervisor. Remember that in this style of the superior can be challenged by their subordinates. Coaching and decision making based leadership are preferred by the employees. Nordic employees prefer leadership based on coaching and decision making, which is often delegated to subordinates who work based on egalitarian commitment (Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars, 1993; Smith et al., 1996). On the contrary, Japanese believe in hierarchical structures. This may be based on age, gender, education, seniority etc. In Japanese context, the employees are focused on following their leaders and overlook their own goals. The employees show high degree of commitment and loyalty to the firm for which they have been working. The verticalityShow MoreRelatedXyz Car Company Strategic Planning1044 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresenting the XYZ Car Company, operating in the U.S., Japan and Germany, it would serve the company to support and function as a cultural diversity organization. These cultural changes should be to adapt to multi-diversity and acceptable organizational behaviors. Culture and Diversity XYZ Car Company production lines are located in the U.S., Japan and Germany. Therefore, managing diversity means utilizing the experience and background that employees bring to the workplace. Workplace diversityRead MoreInternational Culture : Cultural Awareness867 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Culture As defined in the Oxford dictionary, culture is the ideas, customs, and social behavior of a particular people or society (â€Å"Culture†). In general, culture is divided into two categories, social and organizational. Social culture is the shared values and knowledge of a society whereas organizational culture is the shared values and knowledge of an organization (Payne). The two cultural categories are both relevant to Snap Fitness’s desire to open club locations in Tokyo,Read MoreCase Study - Lajolla Inc. Essay817 Words   |  4 Pagesalliance with a Japanese firm and has for the last several months been negotiating with several firms in Japan to realize their goals of distributing their product in Asia. The owners have finally found a Japanese firm that will create an alliance with them. 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The inherentRead MoreCross-cultural Communication and Power Distance1646 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary This assignment is to analyze the U.S. culture and Japanese culture by using Hofstede’s 5 cultural dimensions and Trompenaars’s cultural dimensions. According to the Wal-Mart’s Japanese strategy case to distinguish the difference culture in Japan compare with U.S. There are some problems that Wal-Mart may encounter which are Japans current distribution system, people’s traditional thinking of low price equate low quality and people would not going big shopping. The inherentRead MoreThe Impact Of Japanese Culture On Corporate Culture792 Words   |  4 PagesIn the early 1980s the term â€Å"corporate culture† was developed and broadly known by the 1990s. The trend began with two books that examined the challenges that Japan posed for American industry, Theory Z (Ouchi 1981) and The Art of Japanese Management (Pascale and Athos 1981). The trend continued with two books that concentrated closely on American industry, Corporate Cultures (Deal and Kennedy 1982) and The Change Masters (Kanter 1983), and surpass to perhaps the book that best exemplifies thisRead MoreThe Effect of Job Rotation on Employee Productivity1815 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The Effect Of Job Rotation on Employee Productivity Research Proposal Objective The objective of this study is to examine the effect of job rotation on employee productivity. Toward this end, this study will conduct a review of literature in this area of inquiry. Introduction The success of the business organization is fundamentally dependent upon the level of employee motivation in the organization. The focal goal of every business organization is realization of profits and business decisionsRead MoreThe Metaphor Of Organizations As Culture, Ideology, And Ethos Of The American Commercial Markets886 Words   |  4 PagesMetaphors combine language and thought to develop new non-literal meanings, when applied they shape and enhance our reality. According to Morgan there has been extensive research regarding the metaphor of organizations as culture. Culture became a hot topic following the introduction of Westernization management styles into the Japanese commercial markets (p. 120). Morgan says that â€Å"organization itself is a cultural phenomenon† (p. 120). Culture is a system of knowledge, ideology, values, laws andRead MoreJapan Is The Issue Of Heavy Alcohol Consumption927 Words   |  4 PagesThe Japanese are known to be some of the world ’s healthiest people, mostly due to a healthy diet of fish, rice, and vegetables, as well as daily physical activity. Japan’s life expectancy is one of the highest in the world (â€Å"Countries: Japan,† 2015, para. 2b). Japan is healthy, but there are still health issues. As formerly one of the 194 countries that was a member of the World Health Organization, now the Japanese population relies on the Western Pacific Region Organizational branch of the WorldRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Japan1631 Words   |  7 PagesOverview of Country Japan, the Land of the Rising Sun, is an island in East Asia in the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Tokyo and the national language is Japanese. Japan is considered a great power and is a member of both the United Nations and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. The country enjoys a highly skilled work force and is considered to have one of the most highly educated countries in the world. At one point, the 2000s, Japan also laid claim to providing 4 of 5

Target and Job Satisfaction Free Essays

Target and Job Satisfaction. Job satisfaction is very important in regards to keeping employees productive and efficient. If a employee is not happy with their working environment, co-workers, or the task on hand, then they are more likely to be less efficient and productive for the company. We will write a custom essay sample on Target and Job Satisfaction or any similar topic only for you Order Now With that being said, Target is a wonderful place for advancement and status in a career with Target. Target states â€Å"We’re devoted to helping our more than 365,000 team members throughout the world live well and achieve their goals, know that their diver perspectives, talents and commitments make both our company and communities the best they can be. This statement and ideology shows the public that Target believes that the company is nothing without the employees that put their energy into it. Target has enforced this by providing their employees with incentives such as: resources, services and benefits programs. As far as leaders in each department, Target has ensured that leaders are well invested in and that they are given the opportunity to personal career development and networking opportunities. What makes Target special when it comes to Job Satisfaction is that they offer a variety of career development opportunities for the purpose of building the best team, because the best team represents the company itself. During the hiring process, target is in the pursuit of top talents that they intend to foster so that they not support the individuals growth but also set guidelines and development goals so that each member are able to pursue it. Target believes in the social well-being of everybody inside and outside the company. They believe in the concept that building strong relationships and enjoying life inside and outside work settings will distinguish other companies. For example, Target offers discounts, fun activities, social networks, and life event resources to help team members create a meaningful connection with others. Target wants to make every employee feel to feel part of the family. Other incentives include: onboarding, leadership development programs, training and development resources, career planning, diversity and inclusion business councils, Coaching and mentoring, Recognition programs, tuition reimbursements, team member life resources, and more. To add, Target is also aware of the financial well-being and how its is important to make good financial decisions in the present and to plan for the future. They offer savings and invent plans, time off, and insurance options to help team members meet their financial goals; some of this may include: One of the best 401 k plans in retail, vacation, national holidays and personal days, 10% team member discount, Target Credit Union, Adoption assistance reimbursement, Daycare Flexible Spending Account (FSA), Child care discount, Life Insurance, Disability insurance, commuter benefits and more. Also, Target also offers good health benefits for their Employees. They are committed to providing and encouraging wellness and promoting preventive care, such as offering the many benefits and resource to help team members and their families lead healthy, and balanced lives. Health benefits include: Medical, dental, vision and prescription drug coverage, programs and rewards to encourage healthy actions, maternity support program, nurseline, Tobacco cessation program, well-being education resources, team member life resources, and more. Target has identified that there are about 120 different career paths that exist for team members to explore. This is good because if a current employee is not satisfied with their current position, then they have the option and the opportunity to change career paths, which is a prenominal process of transition, in my opinion. What also makes Target ideal as far as job satisfaction, is that aside from assisting current members with certain incentives mentioned above, but also for spouses, domestic partners and other dependents. Training and mentoring programs are also offered to employees to assist and prepare team members for current or new challenges. This special program is designed in a way that offers external benchmarking combined with industry research, as well as partnerships and internal expertise. What this means is that everything that is trained to employees is offered through not only internal settings but also external settings. The company will help find the best method, whether it is from in-house or, experts outside the company, target will do their best in providing the best training and mentoring program and experts for employees to improve and become as productive as they want to be. To further the job satisfaction of employees, there is a system for talent management is put into great consideration and implemented to Target’s employees. Target calls it the â€Å"Leadership Foundations and Expectations Competency Model† which informs and teaches every team member exactly which skills and abilities are needed for them to succeed; no team member will be left behind. Target applies this method and administer this process by following talent-planning routines such as the Best Team Survey, which allots team members to voice their opinions. This method not only help employees speak out their voice but also help improve Target. Communication is important to target and believes that every voice and opinion should be heard. Target has design a program called â€Å"Regular Review Process† which ensures that not only leaders but team members meet routinely and regularly so that they can discuss the strengths and the potential development opportunities for the company; the company meets with their leader four times a year to negotiate and discuss business goals, performance, and development and career goals, with every if not all team members participating in a formal performance review once a year. Target is really the best when it comes to the benefits in retail, and that providing competitive pay, insurance coverage, career mentoring and so many great perks for the target family. They provide so many incentives for team members to speak out, and find a myriad of benefits for not only themselves but also for potential family members. Target’s importance to the local community and corporate social responsibility represent and defines target. This can include: target-sponsored volunteer activities, target volunteer councils, community captains, community awards and grants, and more. Target takes pride in providing so much for their team so that they can contribute and show their strong community. Citations. â€Å"Benefits. †Ã‚  Employee Benefits, Fringe Benefits, Perks. N. p. , n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. https://corporate. target. com/careers/benefits. â€Å"Culture.   Culture: Working at Target. N. p. , n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. https://corporate. target. com/careers/culture â€Å"Social. †Ã‚  Employee Social Benefits: Enjoying Life. N. p. , n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. https://corporate. target. com/careers/benefits/social-benefits. â€Å"Team Members. †Ã‚  Our Team Members: Partners in Our Success. N. p. , n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. https://corporate. target. com/corporate-responsibility/team-members How to cite Target and Job Satisfaction, Essay examples

Effectiveness Organizations

Questions: 1. Explain the ways in which the effectiveness of organizations can be influenced by human resource management 2. Demonstrate an understanding of the causes of conflict in organizations and methods of avoiding or mitigating conflicts 3. Analyse major HRM problems arising in organizational change and methods of resolving them Percentage of marks awarded for module: Answers: Introduction The report shall investigate the past and present working conditions of Oil and Gas industry of UK which have seen the death of many in past decades. Thus the initiatives taken and the lessons learned from these disaster are critically analyzed to find how full proof the systems are in maintaining the safety and health of workers in the Oil and gas segment of UK. Since the past incidents like Piper Alpha offshore disaster that took 167 lives, the focus in keeping the safety of people as priority has increased and the firms are putting more efforts and technologies to avoid them in the long run. The case depicts the incident of July 1988, the offshore drill of the gas and oil drill disaster getting 16 lives, at Piper Alpha driller, have changed the way the safety is viewed in the UK forms both onshore and offshore (Ritson, 1999). The collective responsibility formation, health and issues are divided among the people of the firm as per hierarchy to avoid such incident further. The answ ers to the projected points shall follow a recommendation as a part of it. The Cullen Report had been the major step towards it which also is evaluated herein. 1. Key issues of Health and Safety in HR perspectives for Oil and Gas industries The current and future of oil and gas excavation is going remain fatal in terms of to safety if adequate measures for safety and maintenance measures are not in place. The people of the business who are in direct contact with excavation, the site safety needs supervision and training to anticipate, avoid and help in rescue of the accident affected. The oil and gas technology have changed the globe all together in terms of automation and time consumption ad have increased the comforts. However, the lopsided are in its safety adequacy measures undertaken. Few external and internal causes are responsible for it. The increasing carbon levels in atmosphere have the consumer depend of it for more than centuries and now its is scarce item with increased decency from all sections of the society (Azmi, 2011). The crude oil, natural gas has seen such accidents and in present too the chances for such mishap remains. However, with the use of technology and manpower awareness the limit ad scope c an be widely reduced. The needs for a HR personnel to work for the oil and gas excavation firm needs to address health and safety, Training and information sharing about the subject of drilling, time management and well and adequate amount of success in the employee awareness and knowledge of safe working. Further, Nelsen and Bierer (2011) notes most of the deposits are in the troubled areas of the globe, which poses another political problem of recruitment and control. Therefore, a firm to work needs to have a 3 directional approach in HR. Technical skills development, soft skill and managerial knowledge and skill to control the cases of mishaps. It is to pay productive and competitive in the oligopolistic oil and gas market, especially of the brand overseas and at home which drill oil from non-national sources. Demography plays a role where large amount of workers can be found but the excavation becomes problematic if they do not have adequate drilling and safety exposures Dhiman and Mohanty (2012). Hen ce the HR policies needs a comprehensive look where governments, business and worker are to be in the same loop with a standardized training for safety practice and a well oiled collaboration system between all to have an idea of the employees role in safety and security. The NOC (National Oil Companies) and International Oil Company (IOC) have their own set of guideline that the HR has to follow during recruitment. These statements suggest who all can be employed with the skill set description. This is a step post 1988 tragedy that has helped the brand in doing what they do a to specific required level so than, it happens then again and if of this reason long term solution aid better design is needed. The innovation among the staff where the employee speaks for a change may be done to improve service in the future, without discriminations. Therefore, when HR is been discussed that ensures equal opportunity of learning, safety standards training recruitment of people who are of safety and then make the hierarch depending upon age, experience, qualification ad exposures (Ey.com, 2014). The firm has to have a whistle blowing policy where employees who sees some faulty measures being conducted are being protected and seen that no harm is been done and th e employee is been listed to and the similar is been articulated on the job. This sis ensure that all parts of safety is been looked into and all dealing with it are adequately trained and knows about the safety measures. A speak up policy in the website as well in the employ manual is well deserved that ensures people feel free to express the point of contention. Further, training and development of employee about the issues are well incorporated in the training module which encourages new learning and best performance of safety at work needs to be established. All these enable the employees to be more confident and ensure safety at work. The leader the guides the team to work where the HR plays the induction providers role of induction given, feedback taker and an arranger of hierarchy with key performance areas, responsibilities and team coordination values to enhance the life of people as well as the nation they drill in. With multilinking the need for manpower has to be developed in a way that helps both operations, safety, communication, employee voice like concerns in note to see and check the chances of exposition or mishap in the future times. Again, making a pool of competent oil and gas industry needs to put its operational focus in the immerging issues of the recruitment and retention as the drilling exercise the business follows in the phase wise manner with exhaustion of the sites, perplex to the control and motoring, however worker selection and training holds the key to such a role at work. Equal employment and safe working conditions remains the key to the role of occupational health and safety practic es which HR facilitates in recruitment and during employment of personnel with the drilling firm. The 310 the Session of Governing body has made the employment standards guided to be more decent and safe during its session in March 2011 (Ritson, 1999). 2. Critical analysis of Employees scope of Improvements The mining and gas industry is been declining in their own accords due to the cost involved in operations and the international price regulations. The change of price is to a slack in boosted productivity due to international product. As followed on practice is the safe working standards, processes to be followed while on duty and HR is the department to promote the same. Safety Statistics of machinery and the measure of performance in the critical areas are to be monitored and the standards working and maintenance processes are to be developed to be propagated among the people where HR plays a mainly role. However the HR being a non technical department has to lean onto the people of technical to give a feedback to HR for preparation of standards and working guidelines. This is not a full proof way as the department is dependent on technical requirements study by others to implement even if it is an external agency. The non-acutance of the problem or its sky the evolution has made i t difficult to predict or take measures however with technology. The scope of improvement can be achieved with proper training, execution and better understanding of the situation for the correct result oriented actions. Training of the new joiners during the induction, as well as regular training for employees working would keep them at the footsteps of improvement each moment. The scope of improvement is the ways that an employee can be a vital part of the operations and be an asset in business operations. However the success of the training lies in the execution of the same in the field of action. The scope of improvements is to have the engagement of the people in full and have the needed in outs with changing times abortiveness and easy to comprehend and follow the set of rules they are acquainted with (Hse.gov.uk, 2014). Induction of new employee with the business needs a structured training that encompass safety and security training. In this part people are been adequately trained about the various aspects of safety measures and norms that are to be maintained considering the perils of oil drilling. Fire safety, mechanical safety, safety with machinery is all part of this activity which is mandatory to be learned while working in a drill. Regular training and safety drill has to be executed to ensure that no part of safety is kept untouched in the process. Nevertheless, the safety awards, suggestions, steps of safety measures, what to do, whom to report has to be incorporated in the training module. Such incident report register too needs to be formed so that all incidents and near misses are recorded for training purpose and development steps in the future. The improvement process encompass few distinct traits as the firm seeks proactive solution resolution so they prefer a trait of people who can do here job effectively. The first scope is to view and perceive from the eyes of the consumer to access the needs and wants. The second is to prepare a data driven process s that with feedback the quality improves and make the production team be closer to consumer to do as is required. Consumer centric business in an oligopolistic affair where all competitors are looking to provide the best quality at lowers price. Therefore reviewing each transaction is important to have en an idea of the consumer demographics as well as preferences. Purchase practice is thus closely monitors and thus in the next strategic step taken. The steps have its motive sand long term aspirations to develop a better understanding of law and such public health issues. The other part is the development of staff in the profession of medicine and health care can be adequately trainees in case of emergency handling the ccase of utmost importance even when the doctor or the competent authority is absent to keep the patient out of a fatal attack and keep them safe till the treatment of the needed kind appears. The roles of Human resources in all the aforesaid aspects are true and upto the mark if it has to deliver the best of patient care in the organization they serve in. The three major areas are the arrangement of right me at right place and schedule that the unit can afford a 24 hours support system while also initiate the process of multiple programmes to educate the people of such cases that hospital handles. The least that the HRM can do is segregate the manpower on skill, competence, exposure lines to allocate then to the specific areas that they belong to and then give the cross functional training to people so that the areas that these resources are assignment achieves the best of result ad the level of competence and competence grows (Iol.org, 2015). The provision of quality health is dependent on the issues like standardization of health care practices where the access ad finical burden needs to reduce as well as consistency and standard are to be maintained. This can only happen with prolonged exposure and use of the healing methods and with experience such staffs can be shortlisted by HR. Nevertheless as the issues are to be done in accordance to the will add experience the development of skills are thus directly related in the exposure to he case where the HR plays a major role in allocation of such jobs. Therefore the scope of improvements may come from learning, practicing, experiencing in which the HR have a vital role to play, in allocation, description ad assessment of the progress. Agin people who are leaving the business are keen to have a better input giving session if motivated by HR, for the new employee development and positioning them in higher role with each passing period of learning and experience. Nevertheless, the HR also have a distinct role in selecting the right man for the right job where the one specialized in one field is given further training and learning scope to do better in the future. So the scope of HR is not only election and allocation but also monitoring where the job demands better supervision and specific skills. HR may help in admitting one or else groom another from the group to perform the job as they are wished to be associated with. The other part of HR is to allocate job to people in accordance to there criticality so as to make the people awar e of the symptoms ad aid in assisting with medical choices to heal them completely. The HR also ensures the statutory norms of the state are followed so that the business dont get a major jolt due to an accident or delayed treatments (Tan, 2014). Best practices in the business are those which suites the business condition ethically and morally. Thus the practices that get the best of revenue and stops mis-use of products are the two most important aspects. Thus if one is going wrong the other is bound o follow. In such a mix of roles the scope of employee engagement and collegian shall increase in terms of sales value and for the business a group of multitasking operations on (Nelsen and Bierer, 2011). The scope is however hampered with less experience where the HR may put one in charge who is not adequately informed about the ailment so the entire team selection for a cuse may be wrong. Again specific department needs special knowledge and expertise so the lack of it may bean other barrier to the best care an cure deliveries. Further the HR is non technical in mitigating so the patients decorating condition cannot be blamed on the doctor which again creates confusion and negligence and distorted treatment mythology so the role of HR have a dual edge to solver perpetuate damage those are incomprehensible (Mohamed et al. 2015). 3. Recommendations for healthcare and safety Healthcare and safety are the two most important aspect of the oil and gas exploration as the product extracted are harmful for the human being. The oil and gas has to have a precondition of good mix of safety while drilling. The oil drilling or the drilling of the gas involves very tough steps for the drillers so that they may have the best of health while working. The experiments to kelp the human life safe in atmosphere with less than 2% oxygen and depth of few hundred feet is accomplished, than the scientific developments. Thus the recommendation is to get the right man for the right job with adequate skills to maintain the condition and work on patient improvement. However, the improvements are low and add the unimportant of society get care in working condition conditions too are deplorable (Ritson, 1999). The healthcare and safety aspect of the people working in the mines and mining related operations has to take care of few basic needs of health like proper ventilation for fr esh air supply, no block of air that cuts off the air supply, water flow during the working hours for consumption, emergency evacuation mechanisms, well illuminated mines for the better and healthier working conditions, artificial air breathing system if the area is crowded ad have lesser opening for air transfusion. Occupational health hazards and safety norms in the case of such working conditions are of major concern for the people working along with the employer who are guided by the rules of mine workers in the legislative ways. The business views this as legal, financial, moral issue to provide the mine workers with the best of working conditions that enables them to have a healthy and safe working condition. Accidents, near misses, near risk situations are to be registered which ensures that the incident is recorded in the register and acted upon The laws and the statutory guidelines also entrusts the people to take specific care before working in such locations devoid of light and air supply to ensure that the working in such conditions dont cause any physical ailment to the workers working there. Its obvious from the good working atmosphere practice the occupational health hazards and health problems while working can be addresses to a large extend. However, this process is never ending and had been adding new inputs with discoveries and recommendations that comes from different underground or opencast mines to be adopted for better working conditions for the people working in the mines. The activates are undertake to make sure that there is n casualty, illness, accidents in the deep crust or any employee fatality due to unworthy working conditions The other benefit that the business gets in this case is that they save a lot in injury prevention, fatality restrictions, illness and such unwanted physical conditions due to th e poor working conditions in the deeps of the mining pit. Special care is generally taken to see that the clearances for the excavation have all these elements in the loop to keep the related cost low and prevent the employee harm for both employees well being and cost to business due to accidents caused in the mines. Conclusions The working conditions of mines have significantly been enhanced with protective gears, controlled explosion and early warning systems with the help of technologies those are in place. The natural gas is a naturally existent product where excavation have brought in the needed change in the operations that have enhanced employee safety and increased the liability detection mechanisms. The training of staffs and there on the job exposures are few of the aspects that have been taken care of during the induction while the basics of the geology and the mining rules of a particular place, especially the underground places where the chances of explosion due to deposits are high are being taught along with safety measures and the standards operating and reporting processes. All this makes te mining and the people involved a better sire to perform their job in mining and excavations. List of references Azmi, F. (2011). Strategic human resource management and its linkage with HRM effectiveness and organizational performance: evidence from India. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(18), pp.3888-3912. Bjrkman, I., Ehrnrooth, M., K., Smale, A. and Sumelius, J. (2014). From HRM practices to the practice of HRM: setting a research agenda. Jrnl of Org Effectiveness, 1(2), pp.122-140. Dhiman, G. and Mohanty, R. (2012). Impact of HRM practices on HR outcomes: a comparative study between two Indian public and private sector oil companies. IJICBM, 5(3), p.299. Kraiukhina, A. and Rubtcova, M. (n.d.). Social Practice of Conflict Management in HRM System: A Parfum Company Case in Saint-Petersburg (Russia). SSRN Journal. Mohamed, M., Mutalib, M., Abdulaziz, A., Ibrahim, M. and Habtoor, N. (2015). A Review of HRM Practices and Labor Productivity: Evidence from Libyan Oil Companies. ASS, 11(9). Natural Gas Production. (2013). Oil and Energy Trends, 38(1), pp.24-26. Nelsen, L. and Bierer, B. (2011). Biomedical Innovation in Academic Institutions: Mitigating Conflict of Interest. Science Translational Medicine, 3(100), pp.100cm26-100cm26. Ritson, N. (1999). Corporate strategy and the role of HRM: critical cases in oil and chemicals. Employee Relations, 21(2), pp.159-176. Rul, H., Bondarouk, T. and Van der Velde, M. (2007). The contribution of e HRM to HRM effectiveness. Employee Relations, 29(3), pp.280-291. Ey.com, (2014). Productivity in Mining. [online] Available at: https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-Productivity-in-mining/$FILE/EY-Productivity-in-mining.pdf [Accessed 17 Jul. 2015]. Hse.gov.uk, (2014). Offshore gas and oil policy. [online] Available at: https://www.hse.gov.uk/offshore/offshore-oil-and-gas.pdf [Accessed 17 Jul. 2015]. Iol.org, (2015). International forum for Labour, Geneva. [online] Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_dialogue/@sector/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_190707.pdf [Accessed 17 Jul. 2015]. Tan, H. (2014). Safety and risk management in oil and gas industry | iMechanica. [online] Imechanica.org. Available at: https://imechanica.org/node/13349 [Accessed 17 Jul. 2015].

Success Quotes free essay sample

The person who gets the farthest is generally the one who is willing to do and dare. The sure-thing boat never gets far from shore. -Dale Carnegie 1. Most successful men have not achieved their distinction by having some new talent or opportunity presented to them. They have developed the opportunity that was at hand. Bruce Barton 2. Would you like me to give you a formula for success? Its quite simple, really. Double your rate of failure. You are thinking of failure as the enemy of success. But it isnt at all. You can be discouraged by failure or you can learn from it, So go ahead and make mistakes. Make all you can. Because remember that? s where you will find success. Thomas J. Watson 3. The successful always has a number of projects planned, to which he looks forward. Anyone of them could change the course of his life overnight. We will write a custom essay sample on Success Quotes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page -Mark Caine 4. There are three ingredients in the good life: learning, earning and yearning. Christopher Morley 5. There are three ingredients in the good life: learning, earning and yearning. 6. When a man feels throbbing within him the power to do what he undertakes as well as it can possibly be done, this is happiness, this is success. Orison Swett Marden 7. Pity the man who inherits a million and isnt a millionaire. Heres what would be pitiful,if your income grew and you didnt. The great successful men of the world have used their imagination? they think ahead and create their mental picture in all its details, filling in here, adding a little there, altering this a bit and that a bit, but steadily building steadily building. Robert Collier 8. Success doesnt come to you? you go to it. Marva Collins 9. The difference between a successful person and others is not a lack of strength, not a lack of knowledge, but rather in a lack of will. Vincent T. Lombardi

10 agencias que contratan enfermeras para EE.UU.

10 agencias que contratan enfermeras para EE.UU. Estados Unidos necesita profesionales de la enfermerà ­a en grandes nà ºmeros debido a la jubilacià ³n de miles de profesionales nativos en los prà ³ximos aà ±os. Por ello, contratan enfermeras en otros paà ­ses. Para los candidatos internacionales, esta opcià ³n es atractiva porque adems de brindar la oportunidad de trabajar en EE.UU. permite obtener buenos salarios ya que es una profesià ³n bien pagada. En la actualidad, la mayorà ­a de los contratos para trabajar en EE.UU. en esta profesià ³n los obtienen enfermeros/as de paà ­ses de habla inglesa, como Filipinas, India, Irlanda, Sudfrica, Australia, Nueva Zelanda o algunas islas caribeà ±as. Un nà ºmero ms reducido de profesionales procede de otros paà ­ses, destacando los provenientes de Mà ©xico. Enfermeras Internacionales para trabajar en EE.UU. En EE.UU. hay 3,2 millones de enfermeras registradas, conocidas por sus iniciales RN.El 90 por ciento son mujeres.Se estima que en 2020 habr 800.000 puestos de trabajo en enfermerà ­a sin cubrir, segà ºn clculos del National Center for Workforce Analysis.El 15 por ciento de enfermeras que trabajan en EE.UU. se han formado fuera de este paà ­s, segà ºn el Institute for Immigration Research de la Universidad George Mason.Para trabajar en EE.UU. como RN, las enfermeras internacionales necesitan: licenciatura universitaria o equivalente, homologacià ³n de estudios, examen de conocimientos, certificacià ³n del estado en el que quieran trabajar, conocimiento alto del idioma inglà ©s y documento que acredite el derecho a trabajar en EE.UU., que puede ser visa de trabajo o tarjeta de residencia permanente . 10 Agencias estadounidenses de reclutamiento de enfermeras/os Entre las numerosas agencias que se dedican a esta labor y aceptan candidatos de Latinoamà ©rica y/o Espaà ±a, destacan las siguientes. ASMCI Servicios para Estados Unidos y Canad Telà ©fono: 702-483-5308Correo Electrà ³nico: zenasmci.com Assignment America Telà ©fono: 781-388-6800Correo electrà ³nico: inquiresmyaam.com CBH Healthcare Recruiters Telà ©fono: 602-404-0417Correo electrà ³nico: infocbhrecruiters.com Christine Paris Enterprises USA, Inc. Brinda servicios de colocacià ³n para USA, Australia y el Reino Unido. Correo electrà ³nico: christinechristineparis.com European Medical Staffing Para enfermeras/os de Mà ©xico o Canad. Informacià ³n en Mà ©xico: tsimoneuromedstaff.com Global Healtcare Resources Tiene socios reclutadores en Mà ©xico, Perà º y otros paà ­ses de Latinoamà ©rica. Telà ©fono: 703-481-2204Correo electrà ³nico: lightonerols.com Institute of California Bilingual Healthcare Telà ©fono: 310-933-3232En su pgina web en la seccià ³n de contactar hay un formulario para enviarles un correo. O ´Grady Peyton International: Brinda servicios de colocacià ³n a profesionales de todo el mundo, incluidos de Latinoamà ©rica y Espaà ±a.  Contactar en su pgina web, eligiendo el lugar en el que se encuentra la persona interesada. Peyton tambià ©n ofrece trabajos en Canad y Australia. PPR Telà ©fono: 866.581.5038Correo electrà ³nico: infopprtmg.com Wilson Staffing Network Correo electrà ³nico: kwilsonwsnglobal.com Preguntas que los candidatos deben hacer a las agencias de colocacià ³n de enfermeras internacionales No todas las agencias son iguales y se deberà ­a contactar con varias y preguntar cosas como:    ¿Cobran tarifa de colocacià ³n? Ya que puede pagarlo el empleador. ¿Ayudan en trmites migratorios? ¿Ayudan a preparar el examen del NCLEX o del TOEFL? Y segà ºn las respuestas y las necesidades de cada uno, quedarse con la que resulte ms conveniente. Tipos de visas disponibles para enfermeras/os internacionales Para trabajar en Estados Unidos es necesario contar con algà ºn tipo de documento que lo autorice. Como regla general, las enfermeras internacionales pueden contar con uno de los siguientes documentos: Residencia permanente (green card) por trabajoVisa H-1B para profesionales. Dependiendo de los casos de empleador y tipo de empleo, la H-1B para enfermeras pudiera no estar sujeta a los problemas de los là ­mites anuales.Visa TN-2 sà ³lo para mexicanos o canadienses, bajo el acuerdo del Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) Aunque esas son las ms frecuentes, no son las à ºnicas. Esta es una relacià ³n de todas las visas de trabajo y aquà ­ se puede encontrar un listado de las situaciones muy especà ­ficas que permiten solicitar con à ©xito un permiso de trabajo.   Las enfermeras que cuentan ya con un documento que les permite trabajar legalmente en Estados Unidos desde el punto de vista migratorio pueden contactar con cualquiera de las siguientes agencias para buscar trabajo en EE.UU. Maxim Staffing SolutionsCirrus Medical Staffing: 800-299-8132Alda TechnologiesAssingment America: 866-593-8178  ¿Cules son los requisitos mà ­nimos para poder trabajar de enfermera en Estados Unidos? Para trabajar como enfermera es imprescindible tener una licenciatura en enfermerà ­a (Bachelor of Nursing) que pueda ser considerado como equivalente a un R.N. en Estados Unidos. Los tà ­tulos mexicanos de Tà ©cnico profesional a veces sà ­ se validan pero otras no. Adems, es necesario hablar con fluidez inglà ©s, a nivel profesional y con un buen dominio del lenguaje mà ©dico. Tambià ©n se requiere aprobar el NCLEX-RN. Este examen puede rendirse fuera de EU, como por ejemplo en Mà ©xico D.F. Una alternativa es el CGFNS. Asimismo, es necesario obtener la licencia estatal para trabajar como enfermera. En EE.UU. no hay licencia federal que sirva para todo el paà ­s. Por ello, hay que sacarla en el estado donde cada profesional se va a desempeà ±ar laboralmente. Adems, se pide pasar un examen de posible historial criminal (background check, en inglà ©s) Por à ºltimo es necesario obtener la visa correspondiente o una green card  ¿Cunto puede demorarse toda la tramitacià ³n de la visa de enfermera para trabajar en EE.UU? Desde que se inicia hasta que se puede empezar a trabajar puede transcurrir entre 12 y 18 meses.  ¿Cules son las especialidades ms demandadas para las enfermeras internacionales? Las siguientes, son las especialidades de enfermerà ­a donde se ofertan ms puestos de trabajo. Cardiologà ­aDiagnà ³stico por imagenUrgencias (E.R.)Psiquiatrà ­aPediatrà ­aNeonatosCirugà ­aAnestesista  ¿En quà © lugares trabajan las enfermeras internacionales? Pueden ser contratadas por hospitales, hospicios, farmacà ©uticas, consultas de medicina primaria, centros de residencia para vida asistida. hogar de ancianos, etc. El salario de las enfermeras es bueno pero hay una gran diferencia segà ºn tipo de especialidad, los estados y tambià ©n influye los aà ±os de experiencia. Asimismo, a la hora de calcular cunto se gana, tener en consideracià ³n los impuestos. Estos son los 10 estados donde ms y menos se paga. En todo caso, tambià ©n es conveniente realizar un pequeà ±o estudio de si compensa econà ³micamente salir del paà ­s de uno para trabajar en Estados Unidos, ya que si bien es cierto que posiblemente se gana ms, tambià ©n lo es que los gastos son mucho mayores, por eso es pertinente, por ejemplo, verificar este comparativo salarial de 18 profesiones en 8 paà ­ses. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Great Circlesâ€Definition and Examples in Geography

Great Circless in Geography A great circle is defined as any circle drawn on a globe (or another sphere) with a center that includes the center of the globe. Thus, a great circle divides the globe into two equal halves. Since they must follow the circumference of the Earth to divide it, great circles are about 40,000 kilometers (24,854 miles) in length along meridians. At the equator, though, a great circle is a little bit longer as the Earth is not a perfect sphere. In addition, great circles represent the shortest distance between two points anywhere on the Earths surface. Because of this, great circles have been important in navigation for hundreds of years but their presence was discovered by ancient mathematicians. Global Locations of Great Circles Great circles are easilye based on the lines of latitude and longitude. Each line of longitude, or meridian, is the same length and represents half of a great circle. This is because each meridian has a corresponding line on the opposite side of the Earth. When combined, they cut the globe into equal halves, representing a great circle. For example, the Prime Meridian at 0Â ° is half of a great circle. On the opposite side of the globe is the International Date Line at 180Â °. It too represents half of a great circle. When the two are combined, they create a full great circle which cuts the Earth into equal halves. The only line of latitude, or parallel, characterized as a great circle is the equator because it passes through the exact center of the Earth and divides it in half. Lines of latitude north and south of the equator are not great circles because their length decreases as they move toward the poles and they do not pass through Earths center. As such, these parallels are considered small circles. Navigating with Great Circles The most famous use of great circles in geography is for navigation because they represent the shortest distance between two points on a sphere. Due to the earths rotation, sailors and pilots using great circle routes must constantly adjust their route as the heading changes over long distances. The only places on Earth where the heading does not change is on the equator or when traveling due north or south. Because of these adjustments, great circle routes are broken up into shorter lines called Rhumb lines which show the constant compass direction needed for the route being traveled. The Rhumb lines also cross all meridians at the same angle, making them useful for breaking up great circles in navigation. Appearance on Maps To determine great circle routes for navigation or other knowledge, the gnomic map projection is often used. This is the projection of choice because on these maps the arc of a great circle is depicted as a straight line. These straight lines are then often plotted on a map with the Mercator projection for use in navigation because it follows true compass directions and is, therefore, useful in such a setting. It is important to note though that when long distance routes following great circles are drawn on Mercator maps, they look curved and longer than straight lines along the same routes. In reality, though, the longer looking, the curved line is actually shorter because it is on the great circle route. Common Uses of Great Circles Today Today, great circle routes are still used for long distance travel because they are the most efficient way to move across the globe. They are most commonly used by ships and aircraft where wind and water currents are not a significant factor though because currents like the jet stream are often more efficient for long distance travel than following the great circle. For example in the northern hemisphere, planes traveling west normally follow a great circle route that moves into the Arctic to avoid having to travel in the jet stream when going the opposite direction as its flow. When traveling east, however, it is more efficient for these planes to use the jet stream as opposed to the great circle route. Whatever their use, though, great circle routes have been an important part of navigation and geography for hundreds of years and knowledge of them is essential for long distance travel across the globe.

Respones paper for the film Omar (2014), directed by Hani Abu Assaid Movie Review

Respones paper for the film Omar (2014), directed by Hani Abu Assaid - Movie Review Example Three Palestinian men (Tarek, Omar, and Amjad) who have been friends since childhood pass through the all aspects of their struggle against downtrodden position of their nation facing different challenges and overcoming the obstacles on their sacred way to the free breath. Among various natural for national conflicts implications including double game and treachery of people the main characters run into interdependent relations not only because of their friendship and common idea but for the love of two of them (Omar and Amjad) for one girl Nadia, Tarek’s sister. This is the fact that shows contradictory human features of the main characters, namely: the love motivates Omar to struggle with more intense in order not to lose Nadia, and it makes Amjad to rat not only his friends but the opposition movement for the purpose to be with the girl. One of the characteristics of the film is its symbolism which plays a great role in the ideological content. There are several symbols which impersonate the issue of forced and separated life of Palestinians (the wall) and the trick as a specification of the fight conduct (the parable about the way which is used by hunters for catching monkeys). As a matter of fact the symbols together with the recent theme help the director to make the film a burning one because its plot probably cannot leave anyone indifferent. â€Å"Omar† is the drama that brightly shows the idea Palestinian identity and the desire to live free and without control of any other government but their own. It is notable on the moments when ordinary people support their opposition leaders and assist them in hiding or running from the Israeli police. They are so tired of dependent position that their only will is to bring their discharge as quick as possible. There is the reflection of some features of Palestinian culture in the film, that is, the way of

About new trends in media planning- the growing importance of digital Article

About new trends in media planning- the growing importance of digital - Article Example For instance, before, the company could only focus on a particular market segment. This means that the advert was supposed to be big and broad in order to evoke a particular amount of purchasing power. Therefore, the venture was expensive. However, with digital advertising, the organization is able to appeal to a huge target market and at a low price. The platforms used in digital advertising allow the organization to have real-time interaction with their customers thus, enhancing their services to suit their clients’ needs (Schultz n.pg). General Mills targeting strategies used with Cheerios was to discuss it nutritional value with people from different demographics. This strategy can also be applied to Yoplait. Yoplait is a yogurt brand could be marketed by discussing its different flavors and nutrition value to the target markets. It contains calcium which is good for strong bones and it has no artificial additives (Schultz n.pg). General Mills is using â€Å"Tablespoon† to post amazing brand content that are appealing to millennials. Millennials are people that are more interested in trending brands and that are how the company is capturing them. By advertising new, trending and attractive â€Å"Tablespoon† is able to add value to the brand by creating an engagement with possible consumers (Schultz

The Minds of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle Essay Example for Free

The Minds of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle Essay SOCRATES, one of those who sought to develop a more consistent and purer concept of god, but he paid the price of a pioneer in that the masses misunderstood him. He was considered as the destroyer of the gods of the Greeks. He maintained that the centrality of the real essence of man and individual is not only its acceptance of the different gods but the real understanding of one’s relationship with others in a rational manner. This implies a rational knowledge with all its capabilities within the realm of knowledge – the highest god, thus, the nature and conceptualization of god, for him, is the actual understanding of knowledge which one god. For Socrates, is something that can be reached through knowing and knowledge that the individual can possess? PLATO, the pupil of Socrates, uses the word God, but in a very confused way. Most of the time, he used the word god just a ordinary masses think of them, as beings governing different realms of the universe. In many of his works, we cannot actually distinguish how-in the process he thinks of gods in the same manner as the ordinary citizen of Greece and with his noble background (Drake, 1958), for in it, the mind of the masses, most of the time prevailed. Indeed, the popular conceptions of the gods are strewn all over these thoughts and works, but there were times that. He thought of the existence of one supreme god who is the master and ruler of the entire universe. In his book, the Timaeus, he accounts for the creation of the universe by using a demiurge, or sort of architect, who takes already-created ideas and matter and moulds the universe. In another place, we find him speaking of the creators as the source of souls. ARISTOTLE on this point is clear. He noted that there are two causes in the universe – form and matter. That, â€Å"forms are forces which realize themselves in the world of matter, just as the idea of the artist realizes itself in marble,† was central to the belief of Aristotle. The cause of motion, for him, is for him, is form; and matter moves as it is being caused by form. Thus, for Aristotle, the traces of the early Greek thinking, â€Å"that matter is a living form† was revived. Not only does form, which is within matter, move matter, but matter seeks to become or realize the form. For example, the mango tree is the form and the mango seed is the matter. When the seed grows into a mango tree, it realizes the form â€Å"mango tree† which is in it a mango seed, but unrealized. As it is growing according to Aristotle, it is striving to become a mango tree. This is its motion. Aristotle maintained that, before the mango seed, there was matter, and an idea or form â€Å"mango†. This form was in matter, and matter was striving to become a mango tree because of the presence of the form in it. We might move on tracing these series of events from the crudest matter, each step through the mango tree and beyond, and realizing that at each point there is matter striving to become form, being moved by form. Thus he asks, â€Å"Is this series continuous and forever? † his answer was â€Å"NO†. At the end. He called this an eternal â€Å"UNMOVED MOVER,† the ultimate cause of ll motion, of all becoming and being in the universe. He called the unmoved mover,† â€Å"GOD,† (Saddi, 1997). Aristotle’s god is â€Å"PURE INTELLIGENCE,† the ideal motif of all philosophers.

PepsiCo managerial methods Essay examples -- GCSE Business Marketing C

PepsiCo managerial methods I chose to look at PepsiCo Inc.’s managerial methods. I analyzed the companies organizational mission, ethics management and internet strategy. PepsiCo is a company with many different segments. The one company includes Pepsi-Cola brands, Tropicana brands, and Frito-Lay brands. Each section of the company has about ten to fifteen different brands in it. The management strategies cover all of the segments of the company. PepsiCo Inc.’s mission statement is as follows: â€Å"PepsiCo's overall mission is to increase the value of our shareholder's investment. We do this through sales growth, cost controls and wise investment of resources. We believe our commercial success depends upon offering quality and value to our consumers and customers; providing products that are safe, wholesome, economically efficient and environmentally sound; and providing a fair return to our investors while adhering to the highest standards of integrity.† I think that this mission statement is good because it focuses not only the success of the product, but also the success of the companies investors (including shareholders, which shows the company wishes success for it’s consumers as well). It also clearly states how the company believes it can achieve its mission, through sales growth, cost controls, and wise investment. These are the three main jobs of the management to maintain PepsiCo’s success. I don’t think that anything about their mission statement needs to be changed. I think everything is very clearly stated and it is persuasive in the sense that by reading it, a person can feel like the company knows what is best for them and it’s consumers at the same time. PepsiCo has many different ethics management policies. The two main ethics the company focuses on are the environmental commitment, and the minority/women business enterprises. Because the company produces food and beverages, PepsiCo does not have major environmental problems like a heavy industry does. The companies largest challenge when it comes to the environment is packaging for the products. The company recycle, reuses and reduces packaging whenever possible. Each individual business within the company is responsible for resources required in manufacturing to reduce waste as much as possible. PepsiCo has a â€Å"Environmental Commitment†... ...e of the largest online-off-line promotions ever. I think that PepsiCo has the internet covered fairly well. It is very easy for consumers to find their sites and PepsiStuff.com was an extra bonus for the consumers to get something back from the company. I also think that with the promotions that Pepsi has incorporate their website well. The latest contests with sodas have mostly all required the consumer to go online to see if they won or to look for contest details. I don’t think that it would be necessary for PepsiCo to add much to their internet strategy because they aren’t known as an internet company. They are all over television, radio and magazines, and I don’t really feel that internet marketing would add much to the already nationally known company. I think, from what I learned of PepsiCo, that they have good management techniques that don’t need much revision. It’s fairly obvious by just looking at the company that they have succeed with things the way they have been all along. PepsiCo is a strong company who I believe will be a success for a long time to come. Bibliography PepsiCo Inc. 2001 Minority/Women Business Development Frito-Lay 2001

Learning Disabilities Contributor Essay

This paper will discuss students with nonverbal learning disabilities syndrome. Nonverbal learning disabilities NLD will be addressed as to what is NLD and what students are usually have. This will be an overview of how to not only identify students with NLD but how to assists students with NLB. This paper will go over important strategies and inventions that will help students with NLD. NLD has been around for fifteen years. NLD is a disorder that is not mentioned or heard a lot in education. This disorder is mentioned in medical and psychological literature. In this paper the author will discuss the issues of NLD and why educators should ignore the characterizes and signs of this disorder. Research will show that this disorder could have come from variety of neurological and development conditions. This could have happened either from a brain injury, untreated disease, or Asperger syndrome. There are strategies to help students that suffer from NLD. NLD is a poorly understood disorder it is a disorder that can be not only be understood but can be helped. With the strategies and inventions that we will be going over in this paper will help students with NLD have a fighting chance. What is nonverbal learning disabilities? Students who have NLD usually show signs in strong verbal than perceptual cognitive skills, weak pyschomotor, deficiency in math, difficulty in complex tasks and social deficits. Students with NLD do better when information is given to them verbally than shown to them visually. This student can process the information better when the information is being given to them orally. When this type of student is receiving the information visually the student is unable to receive it cognitively. Where as the information is being given to them verbally then the information will process properly because this student has a strong verbal process. Weak pyschomotor is another trait that students with NLD have(Telzrow & Bonar, 2002). These students usually show signs in having a hard time with playing certain games such as skipping rope or riding a bike. NLD students have a hard time with life skill tasks such as dressing themselves and other self care skills. Deficiency in math is another area that students with NLD have a problem with. Students with NLD usually do well in reading and spelling but math is a huge hurdle they have to accomplish. The symbols and procedures in math are a hard concept for students who have NLD to understand. Difficulty in complex tasks are another problem for students with NLD. These students have a hard time in social setting because of this problem. They usually demonstrate that they have a hard time with problem solving. The problem solving skills also effects poor judgment skills. These students are very impulsive with their behavior and do not have a sense of personal space. A student with NLD has a hard time verbally communicating what the problem is and how to explain what they really meant or need(Telzrow & Bonar, 2002).. Students with NLD can get the help they need. If a student with NLD has problems with psychomotor there are things in the classroom to help students with this problem. If the student has an issue finishing a writing task then you can give the student extra time to finish the writing task. If the student has a real issue with writing and the student is good a typing then you can let the student type instead of writing. Another way to help students with psychomotor is to give a them a multiple test instead then an essay test. Teachers need to make sure that lectures don’t have that many note taking tasks. These are a few strategies to help and relieve stress for students with psychomotor problems(Telzrow & Bonar, 2002).. It is important for these students to focus on learning and not be stressed out about tasks that they can not complete. Teachers can use these strategies for students that have deficiency in math. Students that have a deficiency in math can use manipulatives to help these students. One way example of a manipulative that a student can use is a calculator. Using a calculator can help students do math problems and learn how to to add, subtract or multiply. Having students memorizing additions problems, subtracting problems and multiplication problems. Direct instruction on math on step by step with verbal instruction. Showing students one on one instruction on math concepts and checking strategies to help students get better and confidence in math(Telzrow & Bonar, 2002). Students with NLD have issues with problem solving skills. These students need to focus on various social situations. One good way for these students to learn problem solving skills is to role play. Role play is a good way to show students examples of problems that arise in certain situations. By role playing students are able to learn how to take action on their own and to also build confidence(Telzrow & Bonar, 2002). The more practice in role play the more the student is to learn how to do the problem solving on their own. Another way to learn problem solving skills is to set rules for these student to follow. Setting rules will help students learn what is appropriate and what is not appropriate. This will help set guidelines for student to follow and learn in the process. Social skills are another issue that students with NLD. Role playing is very important for these students to learn from. These students need direct instruction on how to make appropriate eye contact, how to greet others and to learn other appropriate social skills. It is also important for these students to learn how to make and keep friends. It is also important for these students to learn how to act appropriately act in a work setting. If these students want to succeed in life learning how to act in a working environment is key. Learning how to behave appropriately in a work setting will help them keep a job and live a successful independent life. The last issue that a student with NLD usually deals with is psychosocial adjustment problems. These students need to learn how to control impulsive behavior and inattention. Students that have a hard time with dealing with this issues and need to learn how to self-monitor themselves. NLD students need to learn how to slow down and be aware of what they are doing instead of just reacting(Telzrow & Bonar, 2002). Another problem these students have is not thinking for speaking. These students need to learn ways to think about what they want to say before just saying it. Students that display these issues need to learn relaxation skills to help reduce anxiety.  These students need to learn how to ask for breaks or help when they are feeling stressed out. The author has gone over what NLD symptoms and characteristics of what to look for in students that may be suffering fro this problem. The author has also gone over strategies to help students that have NLD. The strategies and methods that were mentioned are tools to not only help the students but to help the students learn the proper tools to help themselves outside the classroom. With any student that is having a hard time in school it is the teacher’s job to make sure that students needs are being met. Students that have NLD need strategies and methods to help them so they can focus less on their problems and more on learning(Telzrow & Bonar, 2002). By using strategies on students with NLD this will help these students learn the tools that they need to deal with the world around them. References Telzrow, C. F., & Bonar, A. M. (2002). Responding to students with nonverbal learning disabilities. Teaching Exceptional Children, 34(6), 8-13.

Reflecting Journal Essay

My first team work was in the 1st semester in Research methods. The task was to form the group and write the research paper on chosen topic. Our group of four decided to look at the demographic issue in Germany. This topic was something that we were all interested in so it was not a problem choosing the topic that we all agreed on. We first decided what we wanted to look at and how we were going to achieve this. In our first meeting we decided to split the topic into more specific topics: reasons, problems caused and future predictions. We set up a next meeting in one week and agreed that each of us will do a research on these topics. In our second meeting, we discussed our findings and distributed objectives for each of us. A list was created of the tasks we needed to perform and then we allocated each task to a time slot within our meetings. Our group worked well together as everybody had almost 100% attendance and was committed to getting the project done. However, we did have problems keeping to our schedule. At the very beginning, we conducted various researches which was useful for our paper and there we reached our first challenge- a lot of necessary information was provided only in german and 50% of our group was non-german speaking person. We had to redistribute topics for each of us based on research capacities. This speeded up the whole process. A large amount of time was spent during these meetings on the summary of our findings. This left us a lot of time when we came to the write up of our report. Another problem with our report was its incompleteness. As we put our parts together it looked like there were 4 different research papers in one. We had different structures, writing styles and some of group members in his/her part included information of his/her fellow topic. These issues required extra meetings and to rewrite the whole report.

Front Street Hospital Case Study Essays

Front Street Hospital Case Study Essays Front Street Hospital Case Study Essay Front Street Hospital Case Study Essay According to Kaiser Family Foundation (2013), more than 47 million Americans were uninsured in 2012. These gaps in health insurance undoubtedly increase healthcare costs, discourage the use of preventative care, and negatively impact the lives and health of the American people. One way to combat this issue is for hospitals and providers to offer charity care to those who qualify and are in need. Non-profit hospitals are organized to serve a charitable purpose to meet the needs of the community and serve indigent patients that would otherwise go without care due to lack of insurance. In return, these organizations receive tax exempt status on  all of their earnings. However, some hospitals have fallen short in terms of fulfilling their obligations to the community and the patients in need. The revenue function of healthcare organizations is extremely complex. Part of this issue can be attributed to the different sources of revenue payers: self-pay, Medicare, Medicaid, commercial insurance, and managed care contract payers. Health economist Gerard Anderson notes that â€Å"uninsured patients and those who pay with their own funds are charged 2. 5 times more for hospital care than those covered by health insurance and more than 3 times the  allowable amount paid by Medicare† (Anderson, 2007). : Front Street Hospital has most certainly contributed to those staggering figures researched by Anderson. For example, Jane Adams, a young uninsured patient spent two days at Front Street for an appendectomy procedure. An insured patient undergoing the same procedure would have been expected to pay close to $2500 after Medicare and Medicaid reimbursements to the hospital. Instead, Adams was left with a $19,000 bill for the appendectomy. Like all other uninsured patients, Adams didn’t benefit from discounted rates. To add insult to injury, Front  Assignment 6. 2 Chapman 3 Street is known for its intimidating collection tactics against patients who are unable to finance their care. Similarly there is Lori Duff, an uninsured Ohio resident who was barely able to make ends meet. After seeking treatment and not being able to pay her hospital bill, she was threatened with a 25% wage garnishment and continuously harassed by Mount Carmel Health System. Being a part of the uninsured population I empathize with self-pay and uninsured patients. Many people delay treatment to avoid outrageous bills and the financial burdens associated with them. So, I completely disagree with the billing and collection policies of non-profit hospitals related to the uninsured. The uninsured patients are the ones who need discounted services most. It creates a catch 22 situation when choosing to seek care. Avoiding care will only deteriorate an individual’s health, while seeking care creates financial problems. I don’t believe that hospitals should not try to collect on past due bills; however they should go about it in a different way than Front Street has. The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act grants creditors the ability to seek to collect on outstanding debt in a number of ways (FTC,2014). Hospitals are known for providing a substantial amount of uncompensated care and it is their job to reduce these types of liabilities. Therefore, Front Street was not unethical in their efforts to collect debt through communications with the patients. I disagree with how far they have chosen to go to collect on bad debt and believe that there are different methods that could have been used. If I could act as the ultimate authority in this situation I would create a stringent law that requires hospitals to fairly set prices for uninsured patients, monitor compliance, and add  penalties for those who disregard the law. Thankfully the new healthcare reform has addressed Assignment 6. 2 Chapman 4 the issue related to hospitals and their obligation to provide charity care. Under the new rules nonprofit hospitals are required to comply with the following four provisions (Gold, 2012): 1. Prohibited from charging uninsured low-income patients higher rates than the lowest amounts billed to individuals with insurance. 2. Required to have a clearly written financial assistance policy describing who is eligible for free or reduced cost care. The policy must be widely publicized in the community  served by the hospital. 3. Prohibited from enforcing extraordinary collections actions against patients before determining whether the patient qualifies for financial assistance. 4. Required to conduct assessments on the health needs of the community they serve and implement a strategy to meet those needs. One thing that I would focus on due to my experience is closely monitoring how well hospitals implement their financial assistance policies. A few years ago I was denied assistance for an emergency room visit and without being given any explanation as to why. Based on my  understanding of the policy, I qualified for assistance, however, my bill was never reduced and it eventually went to collections. I would also reevaluate the needs of the community and see how the organization can meet those needs. It is important to educate the community on the organization’s obligations to the patients and community, patient responsibilities, and ways to utilize available resources. Many patients don’t know about the financial assistance policies that hospitals have. This creates a huge disconnect between the patient and the hospital or providers treating the patient. Assignment 6. 2 Chapman 5 References  Anderson , G. (2007). Hospitals charge uninsured and â€Å"self-pay† patients more than double what insured patients pay. Retrieved from jhsph. edu/news/news-releases/2007/anderson-hospital-charges. html Federal Trade Commission (FTC) (n. d. ). Fair Debt Collection Practice Act. Retrieved on August 5, 2014 from ftc. gov/enforcement/rules/rulemaking-regulatory-reform-proceedings/fair-deb t-collection-practices-act-text Gapenski, L. (2010). Cases in healthcare finance. (4 ed. , pp. 239-241). Health Administration Press. Gold, J. (2012, April). Nonprofit hospitals faulted for stinginess with charity care. Retrieved from npr. org/blogs/health/2012/04/27/151537743/nonprofit-hospitals-faulted-for-st inginess-with-charity-care Kaiser Family Foundation. (2013, October). The uninsured: A primer key facts about health insurance on the eve of coverage expansions. Retrieved from http://kff. org/uninsured/report/the-uninsured-a-primer-key-facts-about-health-insurance-o. n-the-eve-of-coverage-expansions/ HCM 733 Domonique Chapman Case Study: Front Street Hospital, Week 6 Learning Outcomes: advocate courses of action regarding finance-related ethical issues in health services organizations. Score  Below Expectations 0 – 10 Approaches Expectations 11 Meets Expectations 12 13 1. Evaluation of billing and collection policies of not-for-profit hospitals related to the uninsured Evaluation of billing and collection policies is insufficient1. Evaluation of billing and collection policies is sufficient2. Evaluation of billing and collection policies is comprehensive3. Below Expectations 0 – 10 Approaches Expectations 11 Meets Expectations 12 13 2. Discussion of ethical issues Discussion of ethical issues is insufficient. Discussion of ethical issues is sufficient. Discussion of ethical issues is comprehensive. Below Expectations 0 – 10 Approaches Expectations 11 Meets Expectations 12 13 3. Decision regarding billing and collection policies of not-for-profit hospitals related to the uninsured Decision regarding billing and collection policies is insufficient. Decision regarding billing and collection policies is sufficient. Decision regarding billing and collection policies is comprehensive. Quality of Writing Below Expectations 0 – 8 Approaches Expectations 9 Meets Expectations 10 11 Lacks professional quality; evidence of disorganized thought processes; major grammatical, spelling and/or typographical errors  Average professional quality; evidence of organized thought processes; relatively few grammatical, spelling, and/or typographical errors Excellent professional quality; evidence of highly organized thought processes; no grammatical, spelling , or typographical, errors Total possible points: 50 Comments 1 The discussion is insufficient in that it lacks specific detail and/or does not address the question. 2 The discussion is sufficient in that it contains minimal detail, but lacks additional contextual information. 3 The discussion is comprehensive in that it is substantive and includes additional contextual information.

About the U.S. House of Representatives

About the U.S. House of Representatives The United States is a large, fractured, diverse and yet still unified nation, and few government bodies reflect the paradox that is this country better than the House of Representatives. Key Takeaways: U.S. House of Representatives The House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the two legislative bodies in the United States federal government.The House is currently made up of 435 representatives- referred to as congressmen or congresswomen- who serve an unlimited number of two-year terms. The number of representatives from each state is based on the state’s population.As required by the Constitution, representatives must reside in the state from which they are elected, must have been a U.S. citizen for at least seven years, and be at least 25 years old.A representative’s primary duties include introducing, debating, and voting on bills, proposing amendments to bills, and serving on committees.The House has the exclusive powers to initiate all tax and spending bills and to impeach federal officials.   Metrics of the House The House is the lower of the two legislative bodies in the U.S. government. It has 435 members, with the number of representatives per state dependent upon that states population. House members serve two-year terms. Rather than represent their entire state, as Senate members do, they represent a specific district. This tends to give House members a closer link to their constituents-and more accountability, since they have but two years to satisfy voters before having to run for re-election. Also referred to as a congressman or congresswoman, a representative’s primary duties include introducing bills and resolutions, offering amendments and serving on committees.   Alaska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Wyoming, all sprawling but sparsely populated states, have just one representative each in the House; tiny states like Delaware and Vermont also send just one representative to the House. By contrast, California sends 53 representatives; Texas sends 32; New York sends 29, and Florida sends 25 representatives to Capitol Hill. The number of representatives each state is allotted is determined every 10 years in accordance with the federal census. Although the number has changed periodically through the years, the House has remained at 435 members since 1913, with shifts in representation occurring among different states. The system of House representation based on district population was part of the Great Compromise of the Constitutional Convention in 1787, which led to the Permanent Seat of Government Act establishing the nations federal capital in Washington, DC. The House assembled for the first time in New York in 1789, moved to Philadelphia in 1790 and then to Washington, DC, in 1800. The Powers of the House While the Senates more exclusive membership may make it seem the more powerful of the two chambers of Congress, the House is charged with a vital task: the power to raise revenue through taxes. The House of Representatives also has the power of impeachment, in which a sitting president, vice president or other civil officials such as judges may be removed for high crimes and misdemeanors, as enumerated in the Constitution. The House is solely responsible for calling for impeachment. Once it decides to do so, the Senate tries that official to determine whether he or she should be convicted, which means automatic removal from office. Leading the House House leadership rests with the speaker of the house, usually a senior member of the majority party. The speaker applies House rules and refers bills to specific House committees for review. The speaker is also third in line to the presidency, after the vice president. Other leadership positions include the majority and minority leaders who monitor legislative activity on the floor, and the majority and minority whips who ensure that House members vote according to their respective parties positions. The  House Committee System The House is divided into committees in order to tackle the complex and various matters on which it legislates. House committees study bills and hold public hearings, gathering expert testimony and listening to voters. If a committee approves a bill, it then puts it before the entire House for debate. House committees have changed and evolved over time. Current committees include those on: agriculture;appropriations;armed services;the budget, education, and labor;energy and commerce;financial services;foreign affairs;homeland security;House administration;judiciary;natural resources;oversight and government reform;rules;science and technology;small business;standards of official conduct;transportation and infrastructure;veterans affairs; andways and means. In addition, House members may serve on joint committees with Senate members. The Raucous Chamber Given the shorter terms of House members, their relative proximity to their constituents and their larger numbers, the House is generally the more fractious and partisan of the two chambers. Its proceedings and deliberations, like those of the Senate, are recorded in the Congressional Record, ensuring transparency in the legislative process. Phaedra Trethan is a freelance writer who also works as a copy editor for the Camden Courier-Post. She formerly worked for the Philadelphia Inquirer, where she wrote about books, religion, sports, music, films, and restaurants. Updated by Robert Longley

Research Question paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Question - Research Paper Example Lastly, experiments can be repeated for a number of times with different sample sizes until the expected outcome is achieved. Surveys on the other hand are not quite reliable since they will cost more while being repeated. Content analysis is best suited for social science studies that highly rely on research based on already existing literature. According to Babbie (2010), it is "the study of recorded human communications such as books, websites, paintings and laws†. Ethical considerations are also very essential while conducting a study. According to the APA (2002), five principles should be implemented by the researcher. These include: Participant should be informed of intellectual property (IP) rights. Researcher should follow informed – consent rules. Researcher should be professional. Researcher should practice confidentiality. Researcher should be capable of solving ethical dilemmas. Some of the limitations with regard to the experiment include human error. Sectio n 2: SAMPLING The participants who will be sampled include students from the different levels in the college. The number of participants will be controlled to 40 participants. These participants will be randomly selected – A random sampling technique will be used. The population of interest is individuals aged from 18 to 37 years. In addition to that, there will be other secondary sources of information that will be used so as to support the evidence being studied. That is, the secondary resources will act as additional literature entries. It should be noted that having a controlled sample size is key in every study. This is in a bid to prevent the experiment from being extremely tedious, uncontrolled as well as preventing the use to too many resources. As a result, the sample size that has been selected will perfectly represent the targeted population. Limitations in the sample include: Type 2 errors, lack of statistical power, distribution inequalities and lack of significa nce. Section 3: KEY VARIABLES In this hypothesis testing, the variables under study include the age of the participants and the effect of instructor humour in student learning. The age of the participants: It is without doubt that humour has its effect on different age groups differently. For example younger people may find humour important in student learning as compared to elder people. As a result, this is a variable that is very crucial in this testing. Effect of instructor humour: This is another variable that is important in this study. It will be used to determine which age group fancies humour in the learning environment. Independent variable: An independent variable is that which can be changed in a study. Largely, any experiment must have an independent variable. With regard to the hypothesis being tested, the independent variable is the impact of humour in student learning. As a result, the humour could be projected by the instructor or not. Dependent variable: This is a variable that solemnly depends on the independent variable. As a result, these variables act as functions of the independent variable. With regard to the hypothesis being tested, the dependent variable is the age of the participants. In the experiment, the hypothesis will be: â€Å"The effects of instructor humour on student learning† Section 4: ANALYSIS The level of measurement is a representation of the different methods in which numbers can be used in an experiment. There are four major levels of

Week 2 discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Week 2 discussion - Assignment Example 239), as well as balancing its flexibility. One of the methods of creating a balance between the need of flexibility with the need for stringent order for purposes of creating a culture of innovation is for an organization to reconsider its main aim of operation, and define its corporate objectives (Shehabuddeen, 2007). As the company experiences growth in its operations, it tends to employ new people, who come with a different mindset. This people have a higher tolerance of risk, as opposed to the old employees, who are stable and familiar with the business operations. To reconcile this people, the company must define its objectives, and create mechanisms that will ensure employees adhere to the rules and objectives of the organizations. The organization must restructure its goals, and its culture, and redefine the responsibility of older members of the organization, for purposes of encouraging innovation and flexibility in the business set up (Frankline et al, 2009). To create a balance between the need for flexibility and the need for stringent measures of a business organization, the organization needs to initiate a change in its recruitment process (Patel and Patel, 2008). It must create new methods of assigning duties, and change the manner of interaction within the organization. It must create a new reward policy that encourages innovation, as well as the need of stringency in the business set up. The traits to look for in recruitment are people with a right mind set, people willing to challenge the status quo, and individuals willing to learn and adapt a challenging environment. Finally, the organization needs review its internal and external operations. This is by creating a managerial group whose role and purpose is to communicate the expectations of the company to its employees (Shehabuddeen, 2007). This group will encourage innovation, and develop ways and methods of balancing the need of

Technical Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Technical Writing - Essay Example Noted above, the language is used positively because it is not wordy or produced in mass. The point is simply put as its intent is to be used by a student who needs to know where he or she is going on short notice. A minute glance is all a student should need in order to find the desired location. The visual of the map along with the explanation of the symbols is both positive and negative. Positive due to the fact that it gives a student an idea of where things are, but negative because it takes a student longer to learn what the symbols mean. The design of the guide is overall effective, but there is a redundancy in the repeating telephone number at the bottom of each section. If you have any further questions about the Smithville College Campus guide please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you. Part 2 The tone of the writing changes quite dramatically from the first draft to the final draft. The wordiness amped the situation, drew attention to the negativity that was performed rather than focusing on the solution at hand. Once the extra â€Å"anger and punishment† measures were reduced, the memo became a short and sweet response to the copier situation by bringing attention to the solution. â€Å"I wish therefore to inform all concerned-those who have abused policy or will be abusing it- that their behavior cannot and will not be tolerated† is an excessively wordy sentence. Sam eliminates this by simple stating in his new draft, â€Å"In the past we have not encouraged personnel to use them for such purposes because of the costs involved.† It is clear that the informality is seen in the first draft because Sam’s tone is frustrated and bitter. He is flagging the problem, which makes it worse by making it sound informal. However, by moving past the problem to the solution, he gains formality. He also maintains a level of power by staying out of the problem, i.e. not acting biased, in his final draft when he makes it short. By pr esenting the solution (they will literally pay for their actions), he improves his tactfulness. The website URL: http://www.newyorkcity.com/ is particularly effective through visual, design and language. The pictures are small, but appealing and there aren’t too many of them. The skyline of New York is seen on the very top to indicate the correct website followed by a page to add hotel information, which is inviting. They want to make it easy for the tourists to navigate their website with links to hotels, deals, activities, restaurants, and other attractions. If the pictures do are not what the browser wants, there are links in alphabetical order at the bottom of the page to please everyone. Also, the visuals that are chosen were a design-like action because they show the hottest attractions, i.e. Broadway plays. Also, the descriptions carry no more than two-three sentences to avoid wordiness that would lose the audience. Reference Page Picket, A. N., Laster, A. A., & Staple s, K. E. (2001). Technical English: Writing, Reading, and Speaking (8th ed., pp. 45-46). New York, NY: Addison Wesley

Methods Of Electricity Production Engineering Essay

Methods Of Electricity Production Engineering Essay Electricity plays a major part in our society today. It is used in our hospitals, in our banks, in our homes, and in our cars. No matter what we do, we couldnt live without it. But all this electricity doesnt just appear at when we need it, we must create it. All over the world, there is millions of electricity generating stations. Some of these are small, others huge. Some of the stations run on the power of fire and steam, while others run on the power of the wind or falling water. Some even use the power of the sun alone to generate electricity. But with so many different ways to produce electricity, how do we know which ways are the most efficient and the most environmentally effective? Task 2 Electromagnetic induction is a phenomenon that occurs when a magnetic field intersects a piece of metal, most commonly a piece of wire, which can be affected by magnets. The most common method to induce is to create a magnetic field in such a way that the field intersects a coil of wire. This can be done in multiple ways, although the main two ways are to either pass a magnet through the center of a coil of wire, or to move a coil of wire in a magnetic field. However, if both the coil of wire and the magnet are both stationary, no electric current will be produced. The circuit must also be closed for a current to flow. The most efficient way to produce a current is to rotate a coil in a magnetic field. There is three ways that the amount of power generated by electromagnetic magnetic induction can be increased: Increasing the strength of the magnetic field. Increasing the amount of turns in the coil that is being affected by the magnetic field. Increasing the speed at which the magnetic field intersects the coil. In most power stations however, the generators used spin the magnets, or in most cases, electromagnets, around the wire. This enables a greater amount of coils to be used without the need to rotate a greater mass. The stations use turbines to rotate the magnets or coils. To rotate the turbines, a power source is needed. There are four main power sources that are used: Coal Burning Coal burning power stations use coal that has been mined out of the earth. This coal is burnt to create heat. The heat makes water evaporate into steam. As the steam rises, it hits rotors which spin the turbines. Nuclear Reactions Nuclear reactors work in somewhat the same way as a coal burning power station. These power stations use the power of a nuclear reaction to create the heat needed to boil the water that then turns to steam, which then turns the turbines. When the water is heated however, it becomes radioactive. This means that the water must be kept in a separate chamber to the water that will turn to steam. The radioactive water heats the clean water by means of conduction. Wind Wind farms, as they are commonly called, use the power of the wind to rotate massive rotor blades. These rotor blades turn a shaft that is connected to a generator, thus producing electricity. Gravity The most common of power stations that utilize gravity are called hydro power stations. These use falling water to turn the turbines at the base of a mountain. As the water comes down the mountain, it is pulled by the force of gravity, making it travel at high speeds, which turns the turbines faster, which makes more electricity. Another power source that is used to create electricity is the energy produced from the Sun. Solar panels collect solar radiation from the sun and actively converts that energy to electricity. Solar panels are comprised of several individual solar cells. These solar cells function similarly to large semiconductors and utilize a large-area junction diode. When the solar cells are exposed to sunlight, the junction diodes convert the energy from sunlight into usable electrical energy. The energy generated from photons striking the surface of the solar panel allows electrons to be knocked out of their orbits and released, and electric fields in the solar cells pull these free electrons in a directional current, from which metal contacts in the solar cell can generate electricity. The conversion of sunlight to usable electrical energy is called the Photovoltaic Effect. After the electricity has been generated, it needs to be transmitted around the country. When electricity passes through a wire, some of the energy is lost as heat energy. In small devices, this is generally ignored because the wires are short enough for the energy that is lost as heat to be quite minimal. When the length of the wire increases, the amount of energy that is lost as heat also increases. This can be a problem when the wires are spanning thousands of kilometers. The reason for the lost of energy as heat is because of the current. This means that current is proportional to heat lost. Since this is the case, if the current is dropped to almost zero, then the energy lost as heat will also drop to almost zero. This can be done with the use of transformers. Transformers work on the law of magnetic induction. This is done by passing a magnetic field through a primary coil of wire. The magnetic field produced by the current can be used to create a current in a secondary coil. If there is twice the amount of coils in the secondary coil as there is in the primary coil. The current will be halved and vice versa. When the current is lowered, the process is transformed is referred to as a step-up transformer, and when the current is doubled, it is a step-down transformer. When the current is changed, the voltage is also changed. This is because current is inversely proportion to the voltage. This means if the current is halved, the voltage is doubled. This means when a step-up transformer halves the current, it doubles the voltage. To get the current as low as possible, the current must be brought up to around two hundred and twenty thousand volts. Task 3 Aim: To research the amount of energy three different types of power plants produce and compare their environmental impacts. Method: Three main power plants from within the state of Queensland were chosen to be examined. The plants chosen were; Tarong coal burning power plant, Wivenhoe hydroelectric power station, and the Hillcrest Christian College solar panel power plant. Research on these specific power plants was completed by using in-class and as homework. When all the needed research was acquired, the data was examined and a conclusion was drawn on which plant provided the most power, which plant was the most environmentally friendly, and which plant had the least intensity+. Results: Three sets of data have been collected: Tarong Power Station*# Date Tons CO2 MWh Energy Intensity 2000 9,196,047 7,913,802 2,324 2010 9,841,752 8,523,634 2,309 2020 9,956,845 8,633,139 2,307 Wivenhoe Power Station*#^ Date Tons CO2 MWh Energy Intensity 2000 0 1,052,437 0 2010 0 973,419 0 2020 603,438 2,109,812 572 Hillcrest Power Plant Date Tons CO2 MWh Energy Intensity 1-Jul-09 0 0.5353 0 1-Aug-09 0 0.7521 0 1-Sep-09 0 0.8029 0 1-Oct-09 0 0.7752 0 1-Nov-09 0 0.7237 0 1-Dec-09 0 0.6808 0 1-Jan-10 0 0.7036 0 1-Feb-10 0 0.5804 0 2009/2010 (Average) 0 0.69425 0 +: Pounds of CO2 emitted per megawatt-hour of electricity produced. *: The data collected also was coupled with a projected output for the next decade ^: The power station plans on a future upgrade that will produce carbon pollution #: Average decade output This data was put in the corresponding tables for comparison. Discussion: By looking at the data above it two main points can be made: Energy Output When the Tarong and Wivenhoe power stations are compared, it can be observed that the Tarong coal burning station produces a far larger amount of energy. It must be kept in mind that the Tarong station is a far larger station when compared to either of the other to stations examined, with the Tarong station having a maximum power output of over 1400MW, where as the Wivenhoe station has a maximum power output of only 500MW, and the Hillcrest plants power output depends on the intensity of the sunlight it receives. Even if the maximum output for the Wivenhoe station was over three times the size, putting the maximum output to 1500MW, theoretically, it would still be producing less energy than the Tarong station. It would also be highly unfeasible to achieve the same energy output with the Hillcrest plant as the maximum power output would have to be increased by at least sixteen million times. This puts the Tarong coal burning station as the most economically effective power station out of the three. CO2 Emissions At the current date, both the Wivenhoe station and the Hillcrest plant are producing no carbon emissions at all, where as the Tarong station is producing a very high amount of CO2. This puts the Wivenhoe station and the Hillcrest plant on equal ground in this aspect. In the future however, the Wivenhoe station is planning on installing upgrades to their station which, presumably, will force the plant to start giving off CO2 emissions. Up until these upgrades are made, the two stations are on the same level with CO2 emissions, but as soon as the upgrades are made, the Hillcrest solar power plant will be the most environmentally effective out of the three stations researched. Even though all the power stations that were examined are the few main ways that energy is generated in our current society, there are many other ways that the energy that we use gets generated. These consist of power stations that use means of; Biomass energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, tidal energy, combustion energy. These ways are examined in more depth below: Biomass Energy Biomass energy uses the biodegradable waste products of our everyday lives, such as plant waste or animal matter, to create either a thermal or chemical conversion. During these conversions, the matter undergoes chemical reactions that produce either heat or other chemicals that can be used in other items. This method of green energy is very environmentally friendly as it takes the form of what typically happens in our natural world, decomposition for example. Wind Energy The use of giant propellers to catch the force of the wind and use that force to turn a generator is the way wind turbines work. In theory the idea of using the power of something as ambient and as reliable as the wind is one of the most environmentally friendly methods to create electricity that is around. This is because there is no byproducts of any sort and the wind that is used can never be depleted. The major problem with using this as an energy source is the strength of wind needed to spin the propellers. This is because although there is wind everywhere in our world, the strength of this wind, on the most part, is not always strong enough to rotate the propellers due to their immense weight. Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is one of the most dangerous forms of generating energy that we have in our current society. When it is harnessed properly and efficiently, it is also one of our most effective ways of producing energy. The basic concept of a nuclear reactor is similar to that of a coal burning station, to create heat to make steam to turn turbines. One major downfall with these power stations is the waste the produce. This waste is not CO2, but is radioactive waste that, if dispersed of correctly, would provide our society with a clean and efficient way to generate power, although this is not the case in the present time. Until there is a way to dispose of the nuclear waste efficiently, nuclear power will not become our primary source of power. Tidal Energy Tidal energy is a form of hydro power that converts the energy of the tides into a useable form of energy. Although this method is not widely used, it has great potential for the future of power generation. This is because the tides are far more predictable than the wind and solar energy. Tides are so predictable in fact; that we can tell exactly what they will be doing in two hundred years. The principle behind tidal power is the same as that of wind power. Underwater propellers are used to capture the energy of the flowing water, which is then converted to power by large turbines. This form of energy is just as clean as wind energy, but also has the additional benefit of not creating a poor spectacle as most of the generator is hidden underwater, instead of out in the open. Combustion Energy Also called mechanical energy, this is the act of using natural gasses or conventional fuels to power a combustion engine which then is used to rotate a turbine. This method is most commonly seen in small or backup generators that are made for private or commercial use. Two side effects of this type of energy is the noise that is made during combustion, and the byproduct of CO2. On the most part, these generators are used mainly in the form of small, portable types. This is because the forces that would need to be dealt with on a large scale generator are quite large and can be potentially hazardous. Task 4 Conclusion: When all the data is examined, hydroelectric power stations proved to be not only the most environmentally safe, equal with solar power, producing zero CO2 emissions, but it also was able to decent a fair amount of power. Even though the coal burning power station produced a lot more power, almost an eightfold on what hydro station produced, the hydro station produced zero percent of the emissions that the coal burning station did. In this respect, if the hydro station was to be increased to eight times its current size, theoretically, our society would be provided with more energy than the coal burning station produced, along with no emissions or byproducts. In contrast, the solar power plant also gave off no emissions, although the amount power produced was quite unsubstantial in comparison. As discussed earlier, the solar power plant would have to create eighteen times the amount of energy that it currently is producing to be a contender in power generation, but doing this would m ean that the size of area needed would be on the same scale of increase. This is feasible in terms of installing solar panels on every roof in our major cities for example, although the costs of doing such a thing would be far greater than that of upgrading the hydro power plant. It is recommended that the use of hydroelectric power stations is continued and their usage is increased. This is not only a one of the more environmentally friendly types of renewable energy, but it is also one of the more reliable according to the research completed. This method does not produce byproducts of any kind and does not make waste of any of the resources used in the production of power that is generated.